Many Christians make the argument that one must believe in Jesus to be saved from eternal damnation.
The bible contains the following passages:
- John 3:16, "For God so loved the world, that He gave His only begotten Son, that whoever believes in Him should not perish, but have eternal life."
- Rom. 3:22, "even the righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ for all those who believe; for there is no distinction."
- Rom. 3:26, "for the demonstration, I say, of His righteousness at the present time, that He might be just and the justifier of the one who has faith in Jesus."
- Rom. 5:1, "therefore having been justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ."
- Rom. 10:4, "For Christ is the end of the law for righteousness to everyone who believes."
- Rom. 10:9-10, "that if you confess with your mouth Jesus as Lord, and believe in your heart that God raised Him from the dead, you shall be saved; 10for with the heart man believes, resulting in righteousness, and with the mouth he confesses, resulting in salvation."
- Gal. 2:16, "nevertheless knowing that a man is not justified by the works of the Law but through faith in Christ Jesus, even we have believed in Christ Jesus, that we may be justified by faith in Christ, and not by the works of the Law; since by the works of the Law shall no flesh be justified."
- Gal. 3:14, "in order that in Christ Jesus the blessing of Abraham might come to the Gentiles, so that we might receive the promise of the Spirit through faith."
- Eph. 1:13, "In Him, you also, after listening to the message of truth, the gospel of your salvation—having also believed, you were sealed in Him with the Holy Spirit of promise."
- Phil. 3:9, "and may be found in Him, not having a righteousness of my own derived from the Law, but that which is through faith in Christ, the righteousness which comes from God on the basis of faith."
Yet nothing in these passages addresses the fate of newborns, of babies, or of very young children. I think there can be no doubt that newborns, babies, and the very young children lack the mental capacity, the exposure to, and/or the capabilities of accepting or believing in Jesus. Does that mean they are doomed to eternal damnation? They are still supposedly born of original sin, therefore how is that sin forgiven?
Other Christians claim salvation occurs when a person accepts the gift of salvation, he or she is said to be justified — made acceptable before (or made right with) God. The process of being declared righteous is called justification.
Ephesians 2:8–9 says, "For it is by grace you have been saved through faith. It is not from yourself or anything you've done, but the gift of God." Salvation, therefore, is a free gift of grace from God.
Yet again, these incoherent newborns or very young children lack the ability to accept the gift of salvation.
Catholics believe that God's gift of grace is received through faith and by partaking of the sacraments (such as being baptized, taking Communion, being confirmed in the church, and confessing sins to a priest). Baptism is particularly important and Catholics consider it a key requirement for being saved.
Most Orthodox Christians believe salvation is more of a gradual process in which humans become more and more like God as they participate with him in the work of salvation. Protestants see the act of praying the sinner's prayer as the trigger that brings salvation into a person's life. In contrast, Orthodox Christians typically place far less emphasis on a specific "salvation event" that starts the Christian's life, focusing instead on what must be done over the course of a person's life to continue on in the faith. In other words, while Protestants ask, "What can I do to be saved?", Orthodox Christians ask, "What can I do to be most saved?"
Protestants believe in justification sola fide (by faith alone). In other words, faith in Jesus Christ is all that is needed to actually save a person. "Faith" or "belief" in this context isn't simply an intellectual belief in God, but rather something far deeper and life changing than head knowledge. Protestants point to several verses in Acts and Romans to back up their claim:
- "Believe in the Lord Jesus Christ, and you will be saved." (Acts 16:31)
- "This righteousness from God comes through faith in Jesus Christ to all who believe." (Romans 3:22)
- "For we maintain that a man is justified by faith apart from observing the law." (Romans 3:28)
- "To the man who does not work but trusts God who justifies the wicked, his faith is credited as righteousness." (Romans 4:5)
Putting aside all these debates and nuances, here are two key truths about salvation and faith that all Christians agree on:
- Faith in Jesus Christ is essential to be saved and justified. See Ephesians 2:8–9.
- True faith has a backbone. The Book of James makes it abundantly clear that a declaration of faith by itself doesn't amount to a hill of beans if it isn't backed up by action (James 2:14–26). In other words, if you're gonna talk the talk, you've gotta walk the walk. Therefore, if someone is truly a Christian, his or her life is going to be characterized by a growing faith and, over the long haul, will live in accordance with that faith. However, recognize that this is a consequence of faith, not a condition.
Is the Christian Hell populated with newborns, babies, or the very young? What of the severely developmentally disabled, those incapable of forming developed, reasonable, coherent thoughts? Are they doomed to damnation simply because of the natural state to which they were born?
There can be no doubt of the existence of certain human beings, referred to as "uncontacted people" that lack the exposure to ideas in Judaism, Christianity, Islamic teachings, and the like. Uncontacted people, also referred to as isolated people or lost tribes, are communities who live, or have lived, either by choice (peoples living in voluntary isolation) or by circumstance, without significant contact with global civilization. People like the Sentinelese, the Sami People, the people of the Unnamed Tribe of the Amazon Rainforest in Brazil, and many others.
Therefore, are these people doomed to damnation simply because of the conditions of their existence? Has God doomed these people to eternal damnation in their very creation? Does the lack of opportunity thereby justify their fate?